Biodiversity was significantly reduced during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, as may be seen especially in the body fossils of animals with complete skeletons. Both...

Algorithms are being used by businesses and governments to enhance decision-making for hiring, medical care, and parole. Algorithms have the potential to replace human...

Natural gas, consisting mainly of methane, has a relatively low energy density under ambient conditions. Partial oxidation of methane to methanol lifts the energy...

NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) often views the sun as the primary contributor to space weather or radiation that impacts Earth. Recently, it recorded...

A giant asteroid’s impact is considered the likely cause of the mass extinction of the dinosaurs almost 66 million years ago. While there is no...

Modern humans spend almost 70% of their time in their home environment. Certainly, they can reshape microbiomes around them with inputs from their bodies. Many...

As we know, the emergence of life requires three building blocks: an energy source, access to nutrition, and the presence of liquid water. Apart from...

Light gets distorted if you pass light through an imperfect medium, such as the atmosphere. For instance, the shimmering mirage effect near hot roads...

Single photons are ideal carriers of quantum information, especially because they are fast, they barely interact with the environment or each other, and large-scale...

Light is made of quantum particle photons, which have long been used to transmit and process information in today’s world. In the future also,...

The relationship between life and the environment it inhabits holds many clues about how the planet became habitable over the years. Planetary habitability is...

On Earth, many forces have combined to keep the conditions remarkably stable for millions of years. But other planets may not be so lucky....