Executive Summary Bitcoin’s strong performance over the last 12 months is supported by a surge in both spot trade volume but also exchange...

IntroductionThe change of plans came on a road trip. On a beautiful day last April, the mathematicians Rachel Greenfeld and Sarah Peluse set out...

IntroductionBirds flock. Locusts swarm. Fish school. Within assemblies of organisms that seem as though they could get chaotic, order somehow emerges. The collective behaviors...

IntroductionImagine you’re on a quest to understand the very nature of computation. You’re deep in the wilderness, far from any paths, and inscrutable messages...

“Wigner’s friend” is a curious thought experiment that has stumped physicists and philosophers for more than 60 years. Robert P Crease, Jennifer Carter and...

Generative AI applications driven by foundational models (FMs) are enabling organizations with significant business value in customer experience, productivity, process optimization, and innovations. However,...

IntroductionQuantum teleportation isn’t just science fiction; it’s entirely real and happening in laboratories today. But teleporting quantum particles and information is a far cry...

Accounting in any company involves dealing with invoices every month. One of the most challenging tasks while dealing with them is the verification of...

When it comes to retail trading business, thigs often become bigger when scale of is taken into consideration. Specifically, building only a fully integrated...

IntroductionIn Disney’s 1959 film Donald in Mathmagic Land, Donald Duck, inspired by the narrator’s descriptions of the geometry of billiards, energetically strikes the cue...

With all of the changes in cryptocurrency, one constant you can always count on is the IRS wanting its cut every year. We gathered...

IntroductionWe often talk about evolution in terms of competition, as the survival of the fittest. But if it is, then where did the widespread (and...