Solve Single Photon Detector Problems

Abstract

Single photon detector(SPD) problems arise in most quantum tasks, especially for measuring states going through high-lost channels. They are particularly prominent in quantum key distribution(QKD), which could be the most significant application in quantum information theory. In recent years, QKD distance has been improved dramatically but is still restricted because the bit error rate(QBER) caused by SPD dark counts will be out of control as the distance increases. If this problem can be solved, QKD can be implemented over arbitrarily long distances. However, previous solutions often result in impractical requirements such as superconductors while they can only reduce the dark count rate to finite low levels. In this paper, we solve SPD problems with today’s technologies only. Although it is the no-cloning theorem that prevents a state from being measured multiple times to obtain a more reliable result, we propose a scheme circumventing the no-cloning theorem in certain tasks to allow a single state to be employed several times. The scheme demonstrates that imperfect detectors can provide nearly perfect results, namely, the QBER caused by dark counts can be reduced to arbitrarily low while in the meantime, detective efficiency can be improved to arbitrarily high. Consequently, QKD distance is not limited by the imperfect SPD anymore and can be improved from hundreds of kilometers to thousands without high-technology detectors. Furthermore, similar schemes can be applied for reducing measurement errors or improving the performance of sources. Finally, it is worth noting that although the paper is mainly discussed in the context of QKD, our scheme is an independent scheme that could be employed in other protocols wherever SPD are employed.

Featured image: Flow chart of the scheme

Popular summary

The paper solves single photon detector problems, including dark count effects, detective efficiency, and others, without high-technology detectors by circumventing the no-cloning theorem in certain tasks. It demonstrates that such problems could be not essential in certain quantum information tasks.

► BibTeX data

@article{Shu2023solvesinglephoton, doi = {10.22331/q-2023-11-21-1187}, url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-11-21-1187}, title = {Solve single photon detector problems}, author = {Shu, Hao}, journal = {{Quantum}}, issn = {2521-327X}, publisher = {{Verein zur F{“{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}}, volume = {7}, pages = {1187}, month = nov, year = {2023}<br /> }

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Cited by

[1] Hao Shu, “Reduce dark count effects by optimizing measurements”, arXiv:2306.10525, (2023).

[2] Hao Shu, Chang-Yue Zhang, Yue-Qiu Chen, Zhu-Jun Zheng, and Shao-Ming Fei, “Quantum Key Distribution Over Noisy Channels by the Testing State Method”, International Journal of Theoretical Physics 62 8, 160 (2023).

The above citations are from SAO/NASA ADS (last updated successfully 2023-11-22 14:40:52). The list may be incomplete as not all publishers provide suitable and complete citation data.

On Crossref’s cited-by service no data on citing works was found (last attempt 2023-11-22 14:40:50).

This Paper is published in Quantum under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. Copyright remains with the original copyright holders such as the authors or their institutions.

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Solve single photon detector problems

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